Cholecystectomy: This piece shows the bisection of the cystic artery, prior to the surgical removal of the gall bladder. The rendering technique, carbon dust application, while somewhat antiquated, produces lovely warm continuous tone images that are difficult to replicate, even digitally, and is a hallmark of classical medical illustration.

Radical Left Nephrectomy: One of the more interesting surgeries observed, the physical removal of a kidney, was photographed, sketched and then rendered as a one-page plate in pen and ink.

Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: This piece, the surgical replacement of the humeral head and the glenoid process, is part of a multistage surgical procedure. The finished work was selected for exhibition to demonstrate that line work need not be done in the traditional manner of pen and ink alone, digital tools were just as effective.

Iridectomy: A treatment for glaucoma to reduce pressure within the eye, this illustration is the second of a two part series. This is a typical manner of rendering surgical procedures for use in instructional media, patient education or pharmaceutical marketing. This piece was rendered in traditional media: color wash, ink, airbrush and color pencil on Canson paper.