According to James Francis, It explores the idea of the "black box," in which artificial intelligence operations are frequently cryptic and challenging to comprehend. The paper addresses a number of barriers to transparency, including complicated models, proprietary algorithms, and a dearth of interpretability tools. It highlights how crucial transparency is to AI's fairness, accountability, and credibility. The article makes several recommendations for potential ways to enhance transparency, such as the creation of explainable artificial intelligence methods and improved cooperation between academics, decision-makers, and business stakeholders. Hope this information is helpful for you. To learn more visit here: James Francis.