《消失中的地平线》
Title: The Disappearing Horizon
拍摄地点：狮子山万古楼上，丽江古城
Location：On the Vanguard House on Lion Mountain, Lijiang Old Town
老照片年代：20世纪二三十年代
Age of the old photo: 1920s-1930s
简介：
在狮子山万古楼上眺望丽江坝子，宛如群山嵌珠玉，独自倒映一片天光云影。而环山之外的世界，似乎并不存在。
然而，玉龙山的雪正以每年十几米的速度消失，一如它脚下正在消失的种种。
Introduction：
Viewed from Vanguard House, Lijiang is like a piece of Jade decorated by a ring of mountains. The outer world seems not to exist.
However, the snow cap of the Jade Dragon Mountain is disappearing for dozens of inches per year due to the Green House Effect. Disappearing is happening everywhere in Lijiang.
《喧闹四方》
Title:
拍摄地点：四方街 丽江古城
Location：Square Street, Lijiang Old Town
老照片年代：20世纪二三十年代
Age of the old photo: 1920s-1930s
老照片拍摄者：约瑟夫·洛克
Photographer of the old photo：Joseph Rock
简介：
昔日的四方街集市远比今天的四方街景点要拥挤喧闹。过去四方街每日赶街，从上午10点到下午5点。如今的四方街是古城游客的必经之处，也是一些纳西老人聊天和表演的场所。
Introduction：
A market was much more crowded than a tourist attraction. In the past, the market of the Square Street was held almost every day from about 10:00 am to 5:00 pm. The modern Square Street is a famous tourist attraction, as well as a place for native elders to chat or perform.
《百岁桥上》
Title: On the Hundred Years Bridge
拍摄地点：百岁桥上 丽江古城
Location：The Hundred Years Bridge, Lijiang Old Town
老照片年代：20世纪二三十年代
Age of the old photo: 1920s-1930s
老照片拍摄者：约瑟夫·洛克
Photographer of the old photo：Joseph Rock
简介：
18世纪以来，作为英国陆上帝国的跳板，丽江更成为国际化程度非常高的地区。这里从来就不是与世隔绝之地，相反，这里在某些欧洲人眼里的“历史知名度”甚至要超过任何中国城市。
——《南方人物周刊》
Introduction：
Since the 18th century, Lijiang had grown into an “international” place, as one of the strategic targets of the Great Britain. Lijiang could never be a “remote” land; on the contrary, it was more “historically” popular than any other Chinese cities among some Europeans.
From Southern People Weekly Magazine
《时代牌坊》
Title: Arch of Time
拍摄地点：忠义石牌坊 丽江古城
Location：Zhongyi Stone Arch, outside the Wood House, Lijiang Old Town.
老照片年代：20世纪二三十年代
Age of the old photo: 1920s-1930s
老照片拍摄者： 约瑟夫·洛克
Photographer of the old photo：Joseph Rock
简介：
忠义石牌坊始建于明朝万历年间。在这张20世纪上半叶的老照片中，牌坊上清晰可见“县立高级小学校”字样，颇有民国印记。牌坊原址在文革中被拆除，后于1999年重建完成。
Introduction：
The Zhongyi Stone Arch was originally built in Ming Dynasty. In the old photo, a wooden brand saying” the County Higher Primary School” was hanged on the Arch, indicating the era of the Republic of China. The original arch had been destroyed in the Culture Revolution and the new one was rebuilt in 1999.
《家·人》
Title: Generations
拍摄地点： 木府内 丽江古城
Location：Inside the Wood House, Lijiang Old Town
老照片年代：20世纪30年代初
Age of the old photo: In the early 1930s
老照片拍摄者：约瑟夫·洛克
Photographer of the old photo：Joseph Rock
简介：
（第32代木氏土司家庭照）
木氏土司自明朝开始正式执掌丽江，至清雍正元年“改土归流”共传18代。此后的两百多年间木府虽得以保留，但其影响力逐渐淡出历史舞台。
旧照中的奇石如今已被枝叶笼罩，而古树未及苍天却已歪斜坍圮——传说十多年年前就已将尽天年，却被丽江1996年的7.0级大地震惊活，得以守候木府老宅至今。
Introduction：
(Family photo for the 32th Mu family)
The Mu (wood) family, known as the local Tusi( governor), had governed Lijiang for 18 generations from 1382 to 1723. After a centralization policy implemented by Qing government in 1723, the family existed in name only in the following 2 hundred years.
The rock behind them has been covered by plants, and the old tree almost collapsed. It is said that the tree should have been dead decades ago, but was shocked to relive by the huge earthquake measured 7.0 in Lijiang, 1996. Now it still serves for the old house.
《定居云边》
Title: Settle by the Cloud
拍摄地点： 玉湖村（雪嵩村）村道 白沙乡
Location：Yuhu Village (where Joseph Rock chose to settle down), Lijiang Old Town
老照片年代：20世纪二三十年代
Age of the old photo: 1920s-1930s
老照片（下）拍摄者： 约瑟夫·洛克
Photographer of the old photo：Joseph Rock
简介：
美国植物学家洛克于1922年来到玉龙雪山脚下的雪嵩村（今玉湖村），并以此为基地对西南中国多个地区开展了长达二十余年的考察工作。他早期的考察成果刊登于《国家地理杂志》上，后又通过自己的累累著述，向全世界揭开了西南中国的面纱。
Introduction：
Joseph Rock settled down in this village called “Xuesong” (“Yuhu Village” for today), located at the foot of the Jade Dragon Mountain, in 1922. Then the place served as his basement for his twenty-year investigation throughout the southwest China.
He contributed for National Geography as well as published his own masterpieces, uncovering the mystery of southwest China for the entire world.
《时代秀》
Title: A times Show
拍摄地点： 洛克故居 白沙乡玉湖村
Location: Joseph Rock’s Former Resident, Yuhu Village, Baisha Township
老照片年代：20世纪二三十年代
Age of the old photo: 1920s-1930s
老照片拍摄者：约瑟夫·洛克
Photographer of the old photo: Joseph Rock
简介：
三位纳西妇女在洛克的相机前展示民族服饰，摄于洛克故居院内。
1962年，洛克逝世于夏威夷。他对人类学研究的贡献在他去世多年后才得到美国人类学界主流的认可。他的影像留存后世，百年后的今天变成了尤其珍贵的时代的见证。
Introduction：
The three Naxi women were showing their ethnic customs in Joseph Rock’s garden.
In 1962 Rock passed away in Hawaii. His contribution to anthropology was not emphasized by the academic circle long since then. His photos tell us what he had witnessed of the age.
《洛克的家务》
Title: Rock’s Housework
拍摄地点：洛克故居 白沙乡玉湖村
Location：Joseph Rock’s Former Resident, Yuhu Village, Baisha Township
老照片年代：20世纪二三十年代
Age of the old photo: 1920s-1930s
老照片拍摄者：约瑟夫·洛克
Photographer of the old photo：Joseph Rock
简介：
1949年8月丽江解放前夕，作为“帝国主义分子”，洛克带着其未完成的专著及数千卷8000多本东巴经书，再次离开中国，从此便再未归来。
Introduction：
Shortly before the Liberation in 1949, Rock (convicted as an “imperialist”) left China again with his unfinished dictionary and 8 thousand Dongba scriptures, but never returned.
当地人的话：
和正元（洛克故居陈列馆管理员 雨湖村）：来这里的一般都是外国人，大多是搞民俗学、人类学研究的。
What the natives said：
Zhengyuan He (museum administrator of Joseph Rock’s Former Resident, Yuhu Village): “Visitors here are mainly foreigners, most of which study in folklore or anthropology.”
《雪山下的昆明号》
Title: Landing
拍摄地点： 玉龙雪山下草地 白沙乡文华村
Location：The Grassland near Wenhua Village, Baisha Township
老照片年代：1936年2月
Age of the old photo: January 1936
老照片拍摄者： 约瑟夫·洛克
Photographer of the old photo：Joseph Rock
简介：
1936年2月3日，洛克乘坐中国航空公司的飞机 “昆明号”开始对云南部分地区进行飞行探索。图为昆明号降落在被洛克誉为“全省最好的天然飞机场之一”的一片草地上。草地现已开发成为马场景点的一部分。
Introduction：
January 3, 1936, Joseph Rock began his exploration in the plane “Kunming” provided by the China National Aviation Corporation (CNAC). The plane landed on grassland he described as” the best natural airport throughout the province”. Now the grassland has become a tourist attraction for horse riding.
《改变》
Title: Change
拍摄地点： 象山上 黑龙潭公园 丽江新城
Location：On the Elephant Mountain, Lijiang Old Town
老照片年代：20世纪90年代
Age of the old photo: 1990s
老照片拍摄者：和品正
Photographer of the old photo：Pinzheng He
简介：
几十年来，这个西南边陲的小城容下了许许多多怀揣不同梦想的山外人，用自己的方式在此成家立业，长久扎根下去。丽江改变了许多人的一生，同时也被人们不断地改变着。
Introduction：
Lijiang performs as an ideal place for those who have unusual dreams to lead a new life in a way they prefer. Some of them move here, get married here, and even wish to die here. The city has changed a lot of people, and has been changed a lot by people.
当地人的话：
和正刚（纳西艺术家 丽江古城）：“我的妻子是个台湾人，下次你们再来丽江的时候我一定要让你们见见她。”
《这不是酒吧街》
Title: This Is Not Bar Street
拍摄地点： 酒吧一条街 丽江古城
Location：The Bar Street, Lijiang old town.
老照片年代：20世纪80年代
Age of the old photo: 1980s
老照片拍摄者： 和品正
Photographer of the old photo：Pinzheng He
简介：
白日里，酒吧街如往日一般平和柔缓。午后直至入夜，才逐渐成为夜生活的天地。
Introduction：
In the morning, the Bar Street is a quiet and gentle place as it used to be. It is not until the afternoon that the street gradually becomes a place for nightlife.
《靠水吃水》
Title: Live off the Water
拍摄地点：丽江大石桥 丽江古城
Location：The Lijiang Stone Bridge, Lijiang Old Town
老照片年代：20世纪90年代
Age of the old photo: 1990s
老照片拍摄者： 和品正
Photographer of the old photo：Pinzheng He
简介：
过度排放的生活污水和污染让如今的玉河由青玉变作了白玉，游鱼和水草在浑浊的河水中捉迷藏。而当地人依然会在河边石砌的水池淘米洗菜。
Introduction：
Pollution changes the Jade River from a green “jade” to a white one. Fish and weed can now play hide and seek in the polluted water. The natives still prefer to wash rich and vegetable in the pond by the river.
《顺水而居》
Title: Life by the River
拍摄地点： 百岁桥 丽江古城
Location：Hundred Years Bridge, Lijiang Old Town
老照片年代：20世纪80年代
Age of the old photo: 1980s
老照片拍摄者： 和品正
Photographer of the old photo：Pinzheng He
简介：
为了迎合游客的口味，餐厅推出了各种菜系菜色——川菜、粤菜、西餐、中式西餐应有尽有，自然也少不了纳西菜。
Introduction：
Restaurants provide a variety of styles of cooking, including the Sichuan Cuisine, Cantonese Cuisine, European Food and even Chinese European food, let alone traditional Naxi food.
《溯洄从之》
Title: Up the Stream to Reach You
拍摄地点：百岁桥 丽江古城
Location： Hundred Years Bridge, Lijiang Old Town
老照片年代：20世纪80年代
Age of the old photo: 1980s
老照片拍摄者： 和品正
Photographer of the old photo：Pinzheng He
简介：
不知何时，曾经古朴的丽江成为人们口中的“艳遇之城”。可是为什么偏偏是丽江呢？
Introduction：
I don’t know when Lijiang became the so called “city of lovely encounter”. But why?
《普罗旺斯·丽江》
Title: Provence, Lijiang
拍摄地点： 大石桥与百岁坊之间 丽江古城
Location：Somewhere between the Lijiang Stone Bridge and the Hundred Years Bridge, Lijiang Old Town.
老照片年代：20世纪90年代
Age of the old photo: 1990s
老照片拍摄者： 和品正
Photographer of the old photo：Pinzheng He
简介：
古城的慢节奏本来是丽江百姓的生活状态，如今则是青年人来丽江消费的对象之一。
Introduction：
( The black brand on the wall says:” PROVENCE, MA MA KITCHEN”)
The slow lifestyle was how the natives live, and it is now becoming a fashion welcomed by visitors, especially the youth.
《警示牌：“请勿下潭游玩”》
Title: Warning sign: “Stay off from the pool”
拍摄地点： 黑龙潭公园 丽江新城
Location：In the Black Dragon Pool Park, Lijiang City
老照片年代：2003年
Age of the old photo: 2003
老照片拍摄者： 马宝海
Photographer of the old photo：Baohai Ma
简介：
潭边有一块半米高的石头，上有“小心落水”的警示语。不远处立着一块新漆的木牌，写着“请勿下潭游玩”。
2012年1月至2013年3月，黑龙潭断流达一年多仍未能恢复出水，丽江城区的地下水线持续下降至7.5米。黑龙潭的季节性干涸在历史上每隔几年便会出现一次。
Introduction：
A stone lying at the shore warns you to “beware of falling into the pool”, while a new sign meters away advises you to “stay off from the pool”.
From January 2012 to March 2013, the Black Dragon Pool has dried up for more than a year. The underground water level has dropped to 7.5m. According to the record, this could happen every a few years.
《蓄水》
Title: Water Storage
拍摄地点：黑龙潭公园 丽江新城
Location：In the Black Dragon Pool Park, Lijiang City
老照片年代：2003年
Age of the old photo: 2003
老照片拍摄者：马宝海
Photographer of the old photo：Baohai Ma
简介：
干涸的黑龙潭并非总是干涸。在连续几天的大雨过后，龟裂的湖底蓄起浅浅的湖水。尽管如此，人工蓄水依然必要。周边人工湖中碧绿的湖水，经由石块砌成的临时水池，缓缓注入潭中。
Introduction：
The drought Black Dragon Pool is not always drought. After raining for a few days, the drought lake had stored some water, but artificial storage is still needed. Water coming from the nearby man-made lakes is slowly flowing into the pool through a temporary pond.
《文化墙》
Title: Wall of Culture
拍摄地点： 密士巷 丽江古城
Location：Mishi Lane, Lijiang Old Town
老照片年代：2003年
Age of the old photo: 2003
老照片拍摄者：马宝海
Photographer of the old photo：Baohai Ma
简介：
古城里许多地方都装饰着纳西东巴文字。在从前，东巴字作为纳西文化的集中体现，更多时候流行于乡间，而古城则是当地汉文化的中心。
Introduction：
The Dongba hieroglyphic has a growing popularity in the town. But ages ago it was more often used in rural areas as an important part of Naxi culture. While the town represented Han culture.
《运》
Title: Carry
照片信息：
（上）2003年；七一街 丽江古城；马宝海摄
（左）20世纪30年代；未知地点；洛克摄
（右）2013年；密士巷 丽江古城
Information：
(Above) 2003; Qiyi Street, Lijiang Old Town;
BY Baohai Ma
(Left) 1930s; Unknown place;
BY Joseph Rock
(Right) 2013; Mishi Lane, Lijiang Old Town
简介：
八十多年前，洛克镜头下的大理民家人用木背架运东西。据洛克推测，这种背架是三国时期诸葛亮南征时发明的。直到今天，在丽江古城依旧能见到这种背架。
尽管如今物流业发达，许多纳西人依旧选择用背架和背篓在狭窄的小巷间运送货物。
Introduction:
In the old photo, Min people carried things with a kind of frame carrier. Joseph Rock inferred that it was invented by Liang Zhuge in the 3rd century B.C. Nowadays this tool is still adopted by Naxi people.
Though express delivery is convenient, some Naxi people in narrow alley prefer to carry goods on their shoulders.
《春风关不住》
Title: A City Gate with No Gate
拍摄地点：官门口（关门口） 丽江古城
Location：Guanmen Gate, Qiyi Street, Lijiang Old Town
老照片年代：2003年
Age of the old photo: 2003
老照片拍摄者：马宝海
Photographer of the old photo：Baohai Ma
简介：
关门口曾经是古城内外城的分界，里面是达官贵人，外面是平民百姓。如今关门口改名为“官门口”，更显出从前此番意味。
Introduction：
Guanmen Gate used to be part of the inner city wall, a boundary between wealth (mainly the official families) and poverty. Now the first character of its name has changed from “Guan (close)” to another “Guan (official)” which returns to its original meaning.
《天雨流芳：读书去吧！》
Title: Tian-yu-liu-fang
拍摄地点： 天雨流芳 丽江古城
Location：Tian-yu-liu-fang, Lijiang Old Town
老照片年代：2003年
Age of the old photo: 2003
老照片拍摄者：马宝海
Photographer of the old photo：Baohai Ma
简介：
“天雨流芳”四字，若用纳西语发音，意思则是“读书去吧”。
喧闹的古城也不乏读书的场所，无论是街角的咖啡馆还是客栈的天井。而这样的“读书”与古代丽江士子们的读书恐怕大相径庭。
Introduction：
The phrase “Tian-yu-liu-fang” means “fragrance of the rain” in Chinese, but in Naxi language, it means “let’s go to read and learn”.
The noisy town never lacks places for reading, a café in the corner or a garden of an inn for instance. But in fact, this kind of “reading” has nothing to do with those ancient literates.
《擦肩而过》
Title: Pass by
拍摄地点： 东大街 丽江古城
Location：The East Street, Lijiang Old Town
老照片年代：2003年
Age of the old photo: 2003
老照片拍摄者：马宝海
Photographer of the old photo：Baohai Ma
简介：
仅2009年上半年，丽江就接待了419.35万海内外游客，已远超海南三亚。而古城中的居民人数从1996年的3万人降至6千人（多为留守老人）。搬出古城的当地人中，有不少都住进了现代化的新城。
Introduction:
Only in the first half of 2009, Lijiang had received 4 million of visitors from all over the world. But the number of native resident in the old town has been dropping down from 30 thousand to 6 thousand (mainly left behind elderlies) since 1996. Those who have moved out settle down in the modern town near the old one.
当地人如是说：
杨德元（艺术家 丽江古城）：以前我们是在古城里长大的，但现在还住在古城里面的当地人已经没有什么了
What the natives said:
Deyuan Yang (Artist in Lijiang old town):” We were all born in the old town, but now few of us live here.”
《西山巷口》
Title: Entrance of Alley
拍摄地点： 西山巷口 仁里路 束河古镇
Location：Renli Street, Beam River old Town
老照片年代：2003年
Age of the old photo: 2003
老照片拍摄者：马宝海
Photographer of the old photo：Baohai Ma
简介：
改建后，许多老房焕然一新。若是循着房屋的走势，还是可以找到那些老墙根。
Introduction：
After renovation, most of the old residences have been renewed. But we can easily tell an original wall from a new one by inferring its location.
《家路》
Title: The Way Home
拍摄地点： 西山巷口 仁里路 束河古镇
Location：Renli Street, Beam River old Town
老照片年代：2003年
Age of the old photo: 2003
老照片拍摄者：马宝海
Photographer of the old photo：Baohai Ma
当地人的话：
李映青（店员 束河古镇）：我这个人是比较怀旧的，但是为了生活没有办法嘛
杨德元（艺术家 丽江古城）：古城口有栋房子以前是我家，我小时候就住在那个院子里。现在那里别人的客栈了。
What the natives said:
Yingqing Li (shop assistant in Beam River Town): I’m really a nostalgic guy, but I have no option to earn a living.
Deyuan Yang (artist in Lijiang old town): The house at the entrance of the old town belonged to my ancestors and I lived there when I was a child. It is now an inn run by others.
《站》
Title: Station
拍摄地点：张锅头故居 束河古镇
Location：Guotou (head of a horse caravan) Chang’s Former Resident, Beam River old Town
老照片年代：2003年
Age of the old photo: 2003
老照片拍摄者：马宝海
Photographer of the old photo：Baohai Ma
简介：
丽江曾是川藏茶马古道上的商业要地。马背终不是马帮人的家，家总在古道的起点或终点处。虽然很多时候，家只是一站，只是短暂的停留。
Introduction：
Lijiang was an important trading station on the ancient tea-horse road. Horseback could never be home to the travelling traders. Though home seems to be a station only for a short rest, it is home.
《龙泉雨》
Title: Rain of Dragon Spring
拍摄地点：九鼎龙潭 束河古镇
Location：Temple of Dragon Spring, Beam River old Town
老照片年代：2003年
Age of the old photo: 2003
老照片拍摄者：马宝海
Photographer of the old photo：Baohai Ma
简介：
三圣宫，又名“龙泉寺”、“九鼎龙潭”。清光绪年间从龙王庙改建而来，曾为求雨之用。
丽江七月的雨，有时连绵数日，多时往来倏忽。常是骤雨未霁，高原的阳光便迫不及待地从云彩中溢出。于是，伞便成了丽江游客一件贴身之物。
Introduction：
Sansheng Palace, also named as the Temple of Dragon Spring, was rebuilt from a temple of Dragon King, who controls the rain.
A heavy rain of July in Lijiang can last for a few days somtimes, or usually just in a few minutes. The highland sunshine will pour down from leak of the cloud before it stops raining. So umbrella is necessary all the time.
《闹市深居》
Title: Secret Garden
拍摄地点：西山巷深处 束河古镇
Location：Somewhere deep in West Mountain alley, Beam River old Town
老照片年代：2003年
Age of the old photo: 2003
老照片拍摄者：马宝海
Photographer of the old photo：Baohai Ma
简介：
一些客栈开在远离主街的深巷中，保持着过去的一份宁静。也许在这里，住客还能寻觅到几分曾经的纳西人家所别有的生活气息与情调。
Introduction：
Some inns are located deeply in the alleys far from the main streets. In this kind of places, the visitors may have a taste of remaining lifestyle in Naxi residence.
《远方停靠》
Title: Parking Far Away
拍摄地点：青龙路 束河古镇边缘
Location：Green Dragon Street, at the Edge of Beam River old Town
老照片年代：2003年
Age of the old photo: 2003
老照片拍摄者：马宝海
Photographer of the old photo：Baohai Ma
简介：
车：漫漫千里，只为一见。
Introduction：
The car says: “I’ve traveled thousands of miles for you” (It comes from northeast China)
《夜尽天明》
Title: Call of the Dawn
拍摄地点：大石桥 束河古镇
Location：The Stone Bridge of Beam River old Town.
老照片年代：2003年
Age of the old photo: 2003
老照片拍摄者：马宝海
Photographer of the old photo：Baohai Ma
简介：
天色渐黑，古镇的行人也渐渐少了。不少游客都返回了丽江古城，此时古城的夜才刚刚开始。
明天又会是新的一天，而这旧的一天，终会消逝。
Introduction：
It’s getting dark, and Beam River is getting empty. A large part of visitors have returned to Lijiang Old Town. In the meanwhile, the night life there just begins.
Tomorrow will be another day, and the old day is bound to pass away.
总序：
星移斗转，春秋代序，逝川奔流涌进，时代跨步向前，一朝回首四顾，看来路苍茫，去路朦胧，不禁感叹“前无古人而后无来者”。
怀揣旧照若干，有十年存影，卅载留光，九旬遗物，往彩云之南丽江一方，寻向所志，遍访人家。往来丽江古城、束河古镇，白沙乡玉湖、文华二村。每每以旧照示乡人，便是一番长吁短叹；问及其中故人旧事，其人或徐徐道来，或久而不语。而如今照中光影，大凡已人非物不是。
终于旧照处摄新照数十，遴选成组，作“消失的地平线”，借希尔顿小说之名，喻照中其景其人之消逝与遗存。今昔重影，可凭可思，无言而道尽流光之不息，年岁之不与，昔日之不再。致旧照原作者以敬：约瑟夫·洛克先生、马宝海老师、和品正老师。
Time waits for no man, but on the contrary, man seems to have no time for waiting.
I travelled to Lijiang like a treasure hunter or pilgrim with a series of old photos that can always trace back to 10 to 30, or even 90 years ago, indicating the changing happening here, a tiny piece of the whole nation. It is not a tough mission to consult native people about the locations showed in the photos, for yesterday is still there in their memory.
At the end of my searching, I’ve taken two dozens of new photos right at the same locations as the original ones. I put each pair of them together to form a group called THE LOST HORIZON, named after James Hilton’s novel, which is based on Joseph Rock’s experience in southwest China (personally, this is the initial inspiration of my work). It is also in memory of those fading away at the edge of the horizon of our history, not only for the ones who know but us all.
